Subelement G1 Commission's Rules G1A General Class control operator frequency privileges; primary and secondary allocations G1B Antenna structure limitations; good engineering and good amateur practice; beacon operation; prohibited transmissions; retransmitting radio signals G1C Transmitter power regulations; data emission standards G1D Volunteer Examiners and Volunteer Examiner Coordinators; temporary identification G1E Control categories; repeater regulations; harmful interference; third party rules; ITU regions; automatically controlled digital station Subelement G2 Operating Procedures G2A Phone operating procedures; USB/LSB conventions; procedural signals; breaking into a contact; VOX operation G2B Operating courtesy; band plans; emergencies, including drills and emergency communications G2C CW operating procedures and procedural signals; Q signals and common abbreviations; full break in G2D Amateur Auxiliary; minimizing interference; HF operations G2E Digital operating; procedures, procedural signals and common abbreviations Subelement G3 Radio Wave Propagation G3A Sunspots and solar radiation; ionospheric disturbances; propagation forecasting and indices G3B Maximum Usable Frequency; Lowest Usable Frequency; propagation G3C Ionospheric layers; critical angle and frequency; HF scatter; Near-Vertical Incidence Skywave Subelement G4 Amateur Radio Practices G4A Station Operation and set up G4B Test and monitoring equipment; two-tone test G4C Interference with consumer electronics; grounding; DSP G4D Speech processors; S meters; sideband operation near band edges G4E HF mobile radio installations; emergency and battery powered operation Subelement G5 Electrical Principles G5A Reactance; inductance; capacitance; impedance; impedance matching G5B The Decibel; current and voltage dividers; electrical power calculations; sine wave root-mean-square (RMS) values; PEP calculations G5C Resistors, capacitors, and inductors in series and parallel; transformers Subelement G6 Circuit Components G6A Resistors; Capacitors; Inductors; Rectifiers; solid state diodes and transistors; vacuum tubes; batteries G6B Analog and digital integrated circuits (ICs); microprocessors; memory; I/O devices; microwave ICs (MMICs); display devices Subelement G7 Practical Circuits G7A Power supplies; and schematic symbols G7B Digital circuits; amplifiers and oscillators G7C Receivers and transmitters; filters, oscillators Subelement G8 Signals and Emissions G8A Carriers and modulation; AM; FM; single sideband; modulation envelope; digital modulation; over modulation G8B Frequency mixing; multiplication; bandwidths of various modes; deviation G8C Digital emission modes Subelement G9 Antennas and Feed Lines G9A Antenna feed lines; characteristic impedance, and attenuation; SWR calculation, measurement and effects; matching networks G9B Basic antennas G9C Directional antennas G9D Specialized antennas Subelement G0 Electrical and RF Safety G0A RF safety principles, rules and guidelines; routine station evaluation G0B Safety in the ham shack; electrical shock and treatment, safety grounding, fusing, interlocks, wiring, antenna and tower safety 